Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Essay

Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice A key feature of the play The Merchant Of Venice is the issue of whether Shylock is a victim or a villain. This issue is raised at many crucial points most of which can be separated into the categories victim or villain. Act 1 Scene 3 displays Shylock as a sensible business man. This is our first introduction of Shylock and therefore produces our first impressions. The first point where Shylocks character is revealed in detail is during his soliloquy of lines 37 - 48. At this point Shylock gives an aside to the audience which no character can hear. We learn a lot about Shylocks behaviour toward Antonio and Christians in general. This†¦show more content†¦The next turn of events is during lines 102-123 we begin to feel sympathy for Shylock. The reasons for his villainous attitude toward Antonio become clear. We learn of the treatment imposed on Shylock by Antonio, the text says, spit upon my Jewish gabardine we begin to empathise with Shylock and we see him as a victim to Christian prejudice. When we realise the poor treatment of Shylock by Antonio we are greeted of a speech by Antonios. To our surprise, Antonio does not apologies for his actions, instead saying he is likely to repeat his actions, the text says; I am as like to call thee so again The fact that Antonio is asking for a favour and remains treating Shylock so badly makes us feel more sympathy for Shylock and he is displayed as a victim. Act 1 scene 3 is an interesting one when considering the issue of whether Shylock is a victim or a villain. There are many features which show his villainy but this is alternated by the times that are shown as a victim. Overall the effect on the audience would be a strong one, we would focus on the poor treatment of Shylock and feel sorry for him. Therefore he is a victim. There are many points of the play where other characters comment on their feelings toward Shylock. Most notable are the three mentioned below; During act 2 scene 2 Lancelot is deciding whether he will stay with his masterShow MoreRelatedShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1401 Words   |  6 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice The play begins in Venice where the wealthy merchant Antonio is talking to his young friends about the reasons for the depression. Antonio claims not to understand himself his sad nature. Bassanio arrives with the news that he wishes to court a wealthy, beautiful heiress named Portia. In order to present himself to Portia he wants to borrow 3000 ducats. Bassanio is in terrible debt and he sees marriage to PortiaRead MoreShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1694 Words   |  7 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Introduction One of the most interesting and dramatic characters in ‘The Merchant of Venice’ is the rich, despised money-lending Jew Shylock. It is impossible to judge Shylock’s character by our own modern Standards, simple because Shakespeare wrote this play for play goers in Elizabethan times. This was very different to modern times for two reasons. Firstly, people watching the play would not find itRead MoreShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1385 Words   |  6 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Through time there have been many successful individuals in literature writers, poets, and play writers. But many would argue that one individuals work and character has stood out from the rest and this special illustrious person being William Shakespeare. In the many dramatic pieces of theatrical production written and the diverse individuality he ahs been able to write about many characters created through greatRead MoreShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice I am a Jew a famous saying from Shylock in Merchant of Venice that clarifies the merchant brotherhood of a wealthy city. Merchant of Venice contains rascals and heroes. The audiences will soon realise that Shylock, the Jewish money lender, is shown as a villain within the wealthy city. Is this really what Shakespeare had intended? This testimony given proposes that Shylock is more of a deceitful character Read MoreEssay Shylock of William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice781 Words   |  4 PagesShylock of William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Shylock is one of the main characters in Shakespeares play The Merchant of Venice, he starts in the play as an outcast of society because he is Jewish. Shylock has been forced to become a banker in his life as an inhabitant of Venice, for the fact that his religion is seen as wrong. Although Shylock is forced to become a banker he plays a vital role in the city of Venice, without Shylock the city would struggleRead MoreEssay on Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1877 Words   |  8 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice The Merchant of Venice, a tragic- comedy written in the late 16th century by the greatest known English author, William Shakespeare. This is a tale set in the heart of Venice, amongst the Venetian Christians and Jews. The history of the Jews is marked by terrible hardship and atrocities; Jewish people kept up their customs and religion formed tight knit communities and became known for their intelligent hard workRead MoreCharacterizing Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1893 Words   |  8 PagesCharacterizing Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice The ‘Merchant of Venice’ was written at a time when there was great prejudice towards the Jewish race. They were known for their intelligence, hard work and business acumen, which later led them to be mistreated and resented. They were made to wear distinctive clothing in order to be identified, and citizens of Venice could treat Jews in any way they wished. The Christian church also taught that JewsRead MoreEssay Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice2094 Words   |  9 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice By the end of Act 4 scene 1, my view of Shylock is a man who wishes to get revenge at society by trying to take the flesh of a Venetian merchant because of the prejudices that are thrown at him. Shylock is a rich Jewish moneylender and a widow whose daughter has eloped with a Christian, Lancelot. Shylock is treated with the lowest kind of integrity and respect in Venice this was normal for Jews in the VictorianRead MoreSympathizing with Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1596 Words   |  7 PagesSympathizing with Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice In the Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare creates an atmosphere throughout the play, which causes the audience to sympathize with Shylock. Shakespeare uses key events, and dialogue to influence the audience. At the time Shakespeare wrote his plays, and they were performed, the contemporary audience would have mainly consisted of Christians. Jews were often persecuted, as they were the minority.Read MoreShylock as the Villain in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1948 Words   |  8 PagesShylock as the Villain in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice William Shakespeare wrote The Merchant of Venice in about 1597. It was first performed by The Chamberlains Men at the Theatre Shoreditch. The Merchant of Venice was in the repertory of Shakespeares company before they took up residence at the Globe in 1599. The play was written as a comedy, but has become a serious drama. In order to answer the question it is vital to look at the pervading Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Essay Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice In the productions of ‘The Merchant of Venice’ the character Shylock seems to be the most important throughout the play. However, he can be played in different ways. He can be portrayed as a victim or a villain. Even during a single production the audience’s sympathies change towards him. Shylock can be seen as villain in many ways. One of these is his desire for revenge on Antonio. Shylock doesn’t like him because he is racist towards him and has disrespected him for a long time. Therefore when Bassanio asks him whether he will lend Antonio money Shylock keeps him waiting before he gives him an answer so he can think about the risks†¦show more content†¦He also says, â€Å"If it will feed nothing else, it will feed my revenge,† he is referring to the bond and how he is using that as a way of revenge. However Antonio was rather cruel for all those years to him but the revenge Shylock had planned was very extreme. Asking for a pound of his flesh may have started off as a joke but still wanting to cut off his flesh even after being offered three times the original agreement, this proved how much Shylock really wanted Antonio hurt. Choosing a pound of his flesh over money says a lot, as Shylock is very fond of money but is obviously fonder of the possibility of seeing Antonio dead. Furthermore Shylock’s attitude towards money shows him as more of a villain. Money is such an important detail in his life and would be very upset if he were to lose it, as he was. When Jessica fled she took his money and jewels. When she did it was as if he was more upset over losing his money than his daughter. After he found out about his daughter who had left with his money he shouted out on the streets, â€Å"My daughter! O my ducats! O my daughter! Fled with a Christian! O my Christian ducats! Justice! the law! My ducats and my daughter! A sealed bag, two sealed bags of ducats, of double ducats, stolen from me by my daughter! And jewels, two stones, two rich and precious stones,† Shylock’sShow MoreRelatedShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1401 Words   |  6 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice The play begins in Venice where the wealthy merchant Antonio is talking to his young friends about the reasons for the depression. Antonio claims not to understand himself his sad nature. Bassanio arrives with the news that he wishes to court a wealthy, beautiful heiress named Portia. In order to present himself to Portia he wants to borrow 3000 ducats. Bassanio is in terrible debt and he sees marriage to PortiaRead MoreShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1694 Words   |  7 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Introduction One of the most interesting and dramatic characters in ‘The Merchant of Venice’ is the rich, despised money-lending Jew Shylock. It is impossible to judge Shylock’s character by our own modern Standards, simple because Shakespeare wrote this play for play goers in Elizabethan times. This was very different to modern times for two reasons. Firstly, people watching the play would not find itRead MoreShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1385 Words   |  6 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Through time there have been many successful individuals in literature writers, poets, and play writers. But many would argue that one individuals work and character has stood out from the rest and this special illustrious person being William Shakespeare. In the many dramatic pieces of theatrical production written and the diverse individuality he ahs been able to write about many characters created through greatRead MoreShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice I am a Jew a famous saying from Shylock in Merchant of Venice that clarifies the merchant brotherhood of a wealthy city. Merchant of Venice contains rascals and heroes. The audiences will soon realise that Shylock, the Jewish money lender, is shown as a villain within the wealthy city. Is this really what Shakespeare had intended? This testimony given proposes that Shylock is more of a deceitful character Read MoreEssay Shylock of William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice781 Words   |  4 PagesShylock of William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Shylock is one of the main characters in Shakespeares play The Merchant of Venice, he starts in the play as an outcast of society because he is Jewish. Shylock has been forced to become a banker in his life as an inhabitant of Venice, for the fact that his religion is seen as wrong. Although Shylock is forced to become a banker he plays a vital role in the city of Venice, without Shylock the city would struggleRead MoreEssay on Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1877 Words   |  8 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice The Merchant of Venice, a tragic- comedy written in the late 16th century by the greatest known English author, William Shakespeare. This is a tale set in the heart of Venice, amongst the Venetian Christians and Jews. The history of the Jews is marked by terrible hardship and atrocities; Jewish people kept up their customs and religion formed tight knit communities and became known for their intelligent hard workRead MoreCharacterizing Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1893 Words   |  8 PagesCharacterizing Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice The ‘Merchant of Venice’ was written at a time when there was great prejudice towards the Jewish race. They were known for their intelligence, hard work and business acumen, which later led them to be mistreated and resented. They were made to wear distinctive clothing in order to be identified, and citizens of Venice could treat Jews in any way they wished. The Christian church also taught that JewsRead MoreShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Essay1158 Words   |  5 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice A key feature of the play The Merchant Of Venice is the issue of whether Shylock is a victim or a villain. This issue is raised at many crucial points most of which can be separated into the categories victim or villain. Act 1 Scene 3 displays Shylock as a sensible business man. This is our first introduction of Shylock and therefore produces our first impressions. The first point where Shylocks character isRead MoreEssay Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice2094 Words   |  9 PagesShylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice By the end of Act 4 scene 1, my view of Shylock is a man who wishes to get revenge at society by trying to take the flesh of a Venetian merchant because of the prejudices that are thrown at him. Shylock is a rich Jewish moneylender and a widow whose daughter has eloped with a Christian, Lancelot. Shylock is treated with the lowest kind of integrity and respect in Venice this was normal for Jews in the VictorianRead MoreSympathizing with Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1596 Words   |  7 PagesSympathizing with Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice In the Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare creates an atmosphere throughout the play, which causes the audience to sympathize with Shylock. Shakespeare uses key events, and dialogue to influence the audience. At the time Shakespeare wrote his plays, and they were performed, the contemporary audience would have mainly consisted of Christians. Jews were often persecuted, as they were the minority.

An Argument That Abortion Is Wrong - 1853 Words

Philosophy 101 12/8/2011 An Argument That Abortion Is Wrong. The purpose of this essay is to set out an argument that abortion is wrong. Some claim that only in â€Å"rare† instances, such as rape or within a few days of contraception, abortion is acceptable. I will agree that there are certain circumstances that abortion is more â€Å"acceptable† than other times, albeit however few and far between these instances arise. Instances that make abortion more â€Å"okay† are rape, and once it is discovered that the mothers life is in danger if she were to carry the baby the full term of the pregnancy. The basis for my argument comes from reading two opposing essays on abortion , in regards to whether it is â€Å"right† or wrong, â€Å"A defense of Abortion† by Judith†¦show more content†¦The only other possible â€Å"acceptable† reason for a pregnant woman to get an abortion is if her life in danger due to complications of carrying the fetus for nine months and then delivering the child. While thi s argument is generally socially acceptable, I feel as though this is still a judgment call between the woman and her significant other (i.e. boyfriend, fiancee, husband, friend with benefits). Doctors are not always right and miracles that (almost) no one individual can explain, happen. The judgment call here is whether or not it is worth risking the life of a mature woman that is loved, is more valuable than the child growing in her belly. Marquis brings up the idea of â€Å"Future like ours† (FLO). He claims that killing deprives a person of a future that is like ours, and says that abortion is killing a fetus that will have a future like ours. Taking someone’s entire future away from them is the worst of crimes, and he argues that abortion is this kind of deprivation of future. Killing an adult is an awful thing to do because it takes away that adult’s future, a future that is of great value. The same goes for aborted fetuses—they had a future that would be valued but it was taken away from them. Marquis uses this argument when specifically referring to abortion and the value of it, not specifically, in regards to the one circumstance where the mothers life is in jeopardy. This is not toShow MoreRelatedAbortion Is The Destruction Of A Fetus998 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscuss my position on abortion, how it has changed, and how it compares to others’ more established positions. Before I can begin this, however, I must first discuss the terms that will be used and their definitions. For the purposes of this essay an abortion is the destruction of a fetus at any point in development. A fetus constitutes a fertilized egg. At the moment the egg and sperm converge, the product is entitled a fetus. Prior to this course, my opinion on abortion was firm, but underdevelopedRead MoreMarquis vs. Warren in the Case Against Abortion1298 Words   |  6 Pageswhen determining if abortion is morally permissible, or wrong including; sentience of the fetus, the fetuses right to life, the difference between adult human beings and fetuses, the autonomy of the pregnant woman, and the legality of abortion. Don Marquis argues that abortion is always morally wrong, excluding cases in which the woman is threatened by pregnancy, or abortion after rape, because fetuses have a valuable future. Mary Anne Warren contends that late term abortions are morally permissibleRead MoreAbortion Is Morally Wrong?1682 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion is the termination of a pregnancy by removal of the fetus from the mother’s womb. It is estimated that there are 30-40 million abortions conducted a year (Trupin). Abortions have been legal in the United States since the Supreme Court’s decision in the 1973 Roe v. Wade case, however there is still a major controversy surrounding abortion as to whether or not abortions are morally acceptable. While some argue that abortion is morally impermissible, as it involves the killing of a fetus, othersRead MoreThe Abortion Debate Over The Rights And Wrongs Of Intentionally Termination A Pregnancy Before Normal Childbirth1458 Words   |  6 PagesThe abortion debate deals with the rights and wrongs of intentionally termination a pregnancy before normal childbirth, killing the fetus in the process. Abortion is a very painful topic for women and men who find themselves facing the moral dilemma of whether or not to terminate a pregnancy. It s one of the most polarizing moral issues - most people are on one side or the other, very few are undecided. Everyone agrees that adult human beings have the right to life. Some people would say that theRead MoreIn Don Marquis’ Article, â€Å"Why Abortion Is Immoral†, He1030 Words   |  5 PagesIn Don Marquis’ article, â€Å"Why Abortion is Immoral†, he argues that abortion is seriously immoral, except in rare instances. His main argument implies that it is wrong to kill a fetus because a fetus has a future-like-ours (FLO). In this paper I will analyze Marquis’ main argument, propose an objection to one of his premises, and then reference one of Judith Jarvis Thomson’s points in support of my objection argument. The central argument posed in Marquis’ article goes as such: P1: If a fetus hasRead MoreCase Study Essay582 Words   |  3 PagesCase Study #2 1. Abortion is murder, because murder is intentionally killing an innocent person.   Therefore, abortion is wrong. Explicit premises: a. Abortion is Murder. b. Murder is intentionally killing an innocent person c. Abortion is wrong. Implicit premises: a. Abortion is a crime because it is murder b. Murder is wrong therefore abortion is wrong. 2. The rate of drowning increases with the rate of ice cream eating.   Therefore, ice cream eating leads to drowning. ExplicitRead MoreAn Essay Of Two Abortion Arguments1701 Words   |  7 PagesEssay of Two Abortion Arguments) Philosophers, lawyers, theologians and others have devoted and continue to devote their lives to study of the ethics of abortion. Since abortion was legalized, the abortion debate has intensified, and does not show any signs of being resolved anytime soon. The idea’s that advocate the women’s right to abort or the proactive logic that supports the pro-life view and the fundamental identity of the baby all come in hand when looking at the ethics of abortion .AmericanRead MoreWhy Killing An Ordinary Adult Is Morally Wrong1485 Words   |  6 Pages Therefore, according to Marquis, a new strategy should be adopted to develop the argument o abortion. In this case, the author starts by illustrating why killing an ordinary adult is morally wrong, and tries to apply same reasons to the case of abortion. Therefore, if similar reasons can be applied to the context of abortion, then decision of it being immoral will be made. The wrong aspect in killing relates to depriving the victim life which is inherently valuable. In this case, killing deprivesRead MoreThomsons View of Abortion Essay1099 Words   |  5 PagesThomsons View of Abortion In the article A Defense of Abortion Judith Jarvis Thomson argues that abortion is morally permissible even if the fetus is considered a person. In this paper I will give a fairly detailed description of Thomson main arguments for abortion. In particular I will take a close look at her famous violinist argument. Following will be objections to the argumentative story focused on the reasoning that one persons right to life outweighs another persons right to autonomyRead MoreIs Abortion Morally Wrong?1704 Words   |  7 Pagessociety is how the legalities apply to the process of abortion. In this debate, most people usually connect with either the â€Å"pro-life† argument, or the â€Å"pro-choice† argument. Before developing a position, it is important to understand both sides of the argument and weigh the consequences of each. The common ground between the two is often mistaken, making it difficult for people to find their position. People who support banishing legal abortions are usually referred to as â€Å"pro-lifers.† They usually

Cement Clinker Manufacturing Process Manual Free Essays

What is cement? Cement is a fine powder which sets after a few hours when mixed with water, and then hardens in a few days into a solid, strong material. Cement is mainly used to bind fine sand and coarse aggregates together in concrete. Cement is a hydraulic binder, i. We will write a custom essay sample on Cement Clinker Manufacturing Process Manual or any similar topic only for you Order Now e. it hardens when water is added. There are 27 types of common cement which can be grouped into 5 general categories and 3 strength classes: ordinary, high and very high. In addition, some special cements exist like sulphate resisting cement, low heat cement and calcium aluminate cement. The quarry is the starting point Cement plants are usually located closely either to hot spots in the market or to areas with sufficient quantities of raw materials. The aim is to keep transportation costs low. Basic constituents for cement (limestone and clay) are taken from quarries in these areas. A two-step process Basically, cement is produced in two steps: first, clinker is produced from raw materials. In the second step cement is produced from cement clinker. The first step can be a dry, wet, semi-dry or semi-wet process according to the state of the raw material. Making clinker The raw materials are delivered in bulk, crushed and homogenised into a mixture which is fed into a rotary kiln. This is an enormous rotating pipe of 60 to 90 m long and up to 6 m in diameter. This huge kiln is heated by a 2000 °C flame inside of it. The kiln is slightly inclined to allow for the materials to slowly reach the other end, where it is quickly cooled to 100-200 °C. Four basic oxides in the correct proportions make cement clinker: calcium oxide (65%), silicon oxide (20%), alumina oxide (10%) and iron oxide (5%). These elements mixed homogeneously (called â€Å"raw meal† or slurry) will combine when heated by the flame at a temperature of approximately 1450 °C. New compounds are formed: silicates, aluminates and ferrites of calcium. Hydraulic hardening of cement is due to the hydration of these compounds. The final product of this phase is called â€Å"clinker†. These solid grains are then stored in huge silos. End of phase one. From clinker to cement The second phase is handled in a cement grinding mill, which may be located in a different place to the clinker plant. Gypsum (calcium sulphates) and possibly additional cementitious (such as blastfurnace slag, coal fly ash, natural pozzolanas, etc. ) or inert materials (limestone) are added to the clinker. All constituents are ground leading to a fine and homogenous powder. End of phase two. The cement is then stored in silos before being dispatched either in bulk or bagged. What is concrete? Concrete is a solid material made of cement, sand, water, aggregates and often with admixtures. When fresh, it has a certain workability and takes the form of the mould into which it is put. When set and hardened, it is as strong as natural stone and resists time, water, frost, mechanical constraints and fire. Typically, concrete is the essential material used in all types of construction [residential (housing), non-residential (offices) and civil engineering (roads, bridges, etc. )]. Read more: http://www. crusherindustry. com/ skype: anna. smith20121 Email: shcrusherdhy@gmail. com How to cite Cement Clinker Manufacturing Process Manual, Essays

Fryderyk Chopin Romanticism in Music free essay sample

From the very beginning, It Is clear as to why this music Is Romantic. The quiet sextuplets underneath a very distinguishable melody, along with dramatic rulings and failings allow the listener to recognize the Romantic qualities. But there are other things that give It away. The extended range of the Plano that was Introduced during this time period is brought out in several spots, especially in m. 4, where a addenda in the right hand is raised an octave. Also, the way the right and left hands are aligned, the melody sounds stretched, as if it is solely an interpretation by the performer. While this piece and many works are heavily influenced by ones interpretation, emphasis on the middle beats of the sextuplets make them sound as if they are on the downbeat, thus making the melody sound stretched, at least to a listener with no exposure to this piece.While earlier piano pieces from the Classical period may use the left hand as purely accompaniment, this uses the left hand for lour, and allows the right hand to seem more lenient with the rhythms. We will write a custom essay sample on Fryderyk Chopin: Romanticism in Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This, along with the variety of note-values and groupings, give the right hand the ability to sounds Like a time-governed cadenza. The Ideas of Romanticism are heavily emphasized by Chopping musical creations. It is quite obvious that this Nocturne, along with the majority of Chopping other works, carries a strophic form.The theme is repeated and built upon, though it is never more than a few measures long before moving on to the next motive. The book even states that the A theme unfolds unpredictably through constant variation. In a less touchy-feely sort of way, the phonetic aspects of the piece contribute to the tension and calmness involved in the story of the Nocturne. As mentioned above, the sense of rhythmic duress is nothing more than a piece of the puzzle that helps make the Nocturne a piece of Romantic.The syntax of the evolving theme help create the semantics, or the senses, that Chopin hoped to achieve. While the unraveling Is somewhat unpredictable, the entire point of this Nocturne Is to allow the listener to experience the character; the semantics of the piece. Without a doubt, a listener that s able to appreciate music, even at a very basic level, should have an idea as to what the composer was trying to achieve. A listener may feel calm, tranquil, or stress-free, even as the climax of the B section takes place.The ideas discussed in class of what Romanticism is (return to nature, emphasis on feelings, rediscovery of the past) all fit into ones ability to relate to the music: a key factor in Romantic ideology. The ability for one to put their own story to a Romantic piece of work is one of the beautiful things about this time period. Since the requirements for this paper were for me to sky questions, I decided to ask myself a question as to what I felt or thought of when hearing it. So, here goes. The story is something that I cherish has happened very recently.The beginning represents a love, something I shared over the summer with someone. I couldnt help but feel a constant longing to be with them, let alone be away and not think about them at all times of the day. Life was pleasant to say the least. But, things didnt work out the way I thought they would. My feelings werent before returning to school so I wouldnt have to feel the pain as much and start the master off poorly. This would represent the A and B sections. The repetition of A has not happened quite yet. I am saving that for the final love.The one that lasts up until the day I die a peaceful death, which is represented by the ending. The story is not something that Im good at describing in words, at least on paper. I typically dont have an issue letting my feelings come out with close friends or with someone a bit more significant. But this piece constantly reminds me of how I feel, what Im capable of feeling, and ultimately, what I want out of life. Every person who listens to this piece can ultimately put a story of their own into the context.I cant help but feel connection of energy and my soul to this piece, which I feel is the absolute goal of Chopin and other Romantic composers. Perhaps not to connect other people with their music, but to connect other people with themselves, the composers. Chopping contribution to the evolution of music is made clear by the incredible use of language that do more than tell a story. The language speaks feelings into a listener more than anything from the previous era could do.

Impact of Millennials on Hospitality Hotel Industry-Free Samples

Question: How are the giant hotels in the hospitality industry adapting to new demands trends? Answer: Introduction Economy has been improving all over the world and this has led to realization of higher income after deduction of taxes and other mandatory expenses. This has led to increase in leisure travel. On the other hand, the hotel industry has had a lot of competition as clients try to find a place they will get a better value for their money(Nate-tra Dhevabanchachai, 2013). Success factors in the hospitality industry relies majorly on the quality of customer service. Hospitality industry has also not left behind emerging trends and needs of the potential clients, satisfying their needs has been their major goal. This has always been full filled through observation of their buying behavior(Nate-tra Dhevabanchachai, 2013). This has thus led to this research study which aims at understanding how global trends keep on emerging from the hospitality industry and how hotels react to them. Due to the ever-changing population structure, the study will mainly focus on the emerging trends with respect to millennial generation or generation Y. This type of generation has highly adapted to the use of technology. Millennials This generation has been given many names including dot. Com and so on(Baumer, 2013). However there has been a contradiction on the period into which this generation came into existence but according to many researchers this generation consists of people who were born between 1979 to 2000(Baumer, 2013). However, considering generation size between baby boomers and generation Y, Generation Y consists of 75% of currents generation. The hotel industry and millennial guests The growth of service sector has been a major impact as potential customers have become more knowledgeable, demanding and complicated(Oracle Hospitality, 2016). This is because guests have travelled around the world than previous generation and hence have a clear idea of what to expect in the hospitality industry(Deloitte, 2016). This has made the hospitality industry to major on quality of service rendered as a cornerstone of their operations so as to satisfy the customers demands so attract more and keep a good relationship with their current customers. Previously the hospitality industry has given a lot of attention to baby boomers and however changes in population structure has led to changes in the attention from baby boomers(Patterson, 2012) to generation Y. Generation Y are travel oriented and they have the urge of travelling all over the world. It is therefore advisable that the hospitality industry to fully understand what this generation wants and try to fulfill their need and expectations. The hotel industry and Asian guests The Asian continent has been termed as the best tourism generator due to the current population structure and ease of travelling(Kearney, 2015). It is therefore important for the current hospitality industry to know the cultural and social life of the Asians so as to satisfy them fully. This is realized via rendering quality services which attracts more customers from the same region. Tourism evolution worldwide Tourism industry has been developing constantly since 1980s. This has contributed to growth of economy in the world. Tourism has been termed as world fastest growing industry(Howard Roth, 2014). Due to discovery of many tourism destination, tourists have increased tremendously over the years. This has led to creation of jobs boosting economy in many countries all over the world. It has been a major contributor of many countries GDP as research in 2013 show. Forecast show that international tourism will grow to 1.8 billion people by 2030 this will majorly be fueled by the major discovery of new tourist destination in North America and parts of Europe. Research therefore shows that journeys to the newly discovered destinations will increase compared to journeys made to old tourist destination in the world in first world countries. The future for the hotel industry Hospitality industry is majorly influenced by the emerging trends. At a glance as times change, so does the terrain which the hotel industry is built in. what is a top priority today may not remain so tomorrow(Jeroem Oskam, 2016). Globalization has been a major trend transforming the hospitality industry. This has been through emergence of potential markets which attract exploration by hotels. Globalization has led to several implications in the hospitality industry including staffing, brand integrity and ability of the hotels to manage prices and payments across the world. Technology is another trend transforming the hotel industry, this has had both positive and negative impacts in the hotel industry(Jeroem Oskam, 2016). Some of the positive features we can consider are; has led to growth of business via online room booking, has also led to hotels offering quality services and so on. On the other hand, one of the major negative impact on this is it has led to loss of money via hackers(Jeroem Oskam, 2016). It is expected that competition between hotels will get on becoming stiffer over time and not every hotel will make it in the industry. Due to these players with a vision and ability to forecast will have an easy time maneuvering in the future market and players who lack an eye to the future will have a hard time in the future market. Focus on Millennials and Asian travelers. The performance of hospitality industry will majorly depend on the global spend of Millennials and Chinese travelers(Aleshaiwy, 2015). On the other hand, the Asian travelers will also contribute majorly to the hospitality industry as research shows that in the near future the disposable income will increase hence encouraging tourism as people try to enjoy their money. This will have a major positive impact on the hospitality industry. Main characteristic and emerging trends of millennial guests Millennial guests do have their own distinctive characteristics which leads to emerging of various trends in the hospitality industry. They consist of the following; Conscious millennials are the most conscious currently. This means that they tend to look for services which fulfill their needs and thats what they go for(Sweeney, 2006). Most of them expect companies and industries to show commitment to them as the customers. Impatient this has been termed as we want it now generation. They always want services, goods and so on delivered immediately. Adventurous millennials are always adventure oriented. This is brought by their desire to explore the world and to find out exotic or memorable experience. They are also out there to find out unique type of dishes. Tech- savvy this generation was brought up in the smartphone era and constant access to the internet hence they are into technology(Sweeney, 2006). This increases in their research on what to expect when making them knowledgeable and to satisfy them you really have to do it up to their standard. Socially active this generation is termed to be active when it comes to socialization. Comparing the previous generation with generation Y, generation Y is so social and prefer face to face interactions. Critic although they seem to be undercover critic, the millennial generation can be the worst critic compared to baby boomers(Jeroem Oskam, 2016). Due to advancement in technology they tend to use social media not only when it comes to passing positive compliments but also when it comes to criticizing. This keeps the hospitality industry on toes trying to render first class customer services. Auto-biographers millennial generation tend to involve family and friends in most of the things that they do. They also love keeping memories and tend to share pleasurable and amazing moments with family and friends. They also have the mentality of you only live once which makes enjoy their life to the fullest. The also love to get recognition online in social media through gaining likes and comments. Entrepreneurial minded - this generation tend to love being their own boss hence love and always wish that they can have their own companies and businesses. This makes this generation more business minded and entrepreneurial. Many hotels are aware of the millennial generation and their future trends and how they can impact on their success or failure. Therefore, hotels tend to start planning early in advance so as to survive in this era of changing demand trend. These paper looks at how big hotels are adapting to new demand trends through a case study of Marriott International Hotel. This hotel is part of the Asian travelers. Marriott international case study Over the last few years, Marriott international has been carefully observed the changing trends in the hospitality and in 2013 they decided to focus on millennial customer(www.cnbc.com, 2016). This was mainly done to rebrand the hotel chain. The rebranding included an updated and modernized logo. The brand was changed to Prottea hotels by Marriot(www.cnbc.com, 2016). This was not the only thing they changed they also changed their marketing strategy to mainly focus with the millennial generation. The also created a website which aimed at engaging next generation customers. This included campaigns, past innovations and future innovations that were currently into development. The website would take feedbacks from customers and potential clients would pose their question as well. This method helped understand their potential clients and understand what their need was and ways in which this would be satisfied. Mostly this was targeted to next generation or generation Y. Marriot hotel also renovated their rooms to look attractive to the young generation. This was another step towards satisfying the millennial generation. The corridors were redone to make them attractive and welcoming. They included Starbucks caf and WI-FI and counters where drinks were served(Aleshaiwy, 2015). Marriot also started an online fast food shop where the millennial generation would create an account in their phone and make orders online where deliveries would be made to their doorstep(Deloitte, 2016). This was driven by the love of fast food by the millennial generation. Marriott also developed an application where clients would check in and check out via the mobile phones or their personal computers(Howard Roth, 2014). This makes it easy as clients would check in to their hotel rooms before even physically getting there and they would just go and grab the key at the front desk and when it comes to checking out clients would easily check out by a simple tap on their devices and would not have to through the front desk. Critical analysis Here a critical analysis will be carried out to check out what should be done to the hospitality industry to attract more customers in respect to current arising trends. At a glance this is what the hotel industry should mainly focus on so as to remain in the industry in the future. This will also be based on millennial generation and the current trends. The following are some of the issues that need attention; WI-FI Free Wi-Fi is a major thing that hotel industry should major on. Not only do clients need free Wi-Fi, they also need fast Wi-Fi. When clients book hotel rooms the first thing to check if the Wi-Fi is free or it at a fee(Lindsey Farrell, 2014). Research has shown that many clients would prefer paying an expensive room where the Wi-Fi is free rather than pay for a cheaper room where they would still undergo other extra charges for the Wi-Fi. There is no need of charging for the Wi-Fi connection whereas your competitors are offering it for free. This may encourage more customers to prefer your competitors over you. Corporate social responsibility Generation Y has the most number of people who are willing to engage in helping the society may it be through volunteering, donations and so on. This makes this generation opt to be customers of a company that helps the society(Lindsey Farrell, 2014). Giving back to the society is an important step to attract more customers and creating social awareness. This has led to a new trend of tourism known as solidarity tourism. Digital marketing Due to the advancement of the technology digital marketing has been of major support to the hospitality industry. Social media pages e.g. Facebook, Pinterest twitter Instagram and so on should be considered by the hospitality industry so that the can reach to their potential clients. Generation Y is so much into social media as they were born in the smartphone era where they had affordable internet services(Howard Roth, 2014). Reaching out to this type of customers is therefore can easily be done via social media. Another section in digital marketing is the email marketing. Email marketing is whereby you send a message to many clients at one click(Jeroem Oskam, 2016). This is done through a software which has the ability of automatically sending mails to clients. Email markets has also played an important role in hospitality industry, hoteliers use this type of marketing to reach out corporate clients. However, for all this to be successful the hotel industry must have a team fully dedicated in realizing that all this is done to perfection. Group promotion Data from the previous section shows that the fact that the Y generation often share their information more frequently through peer interaction(Howard Roth, 2014). This should be a hint to those in the hospitality industry to consider their customer relation and link as compared to the services or products they offer. Services packages such as for large family and friends offers that they dont offer should well catered for to improve productivity. This deals have been a major turn off to the y generation who therefore go for other housing facilities such as letting tourist rooms using AirBnB or lodging bookings. This course of action has led continued wrangles between those in the hospitality industry and the AirBnB with claims of stifling the others operations and income source(Mahmoud, 2016). This would be beneficial both parties came up with a solution to this i.e. providing larger affordable packages with intention of market targeting. Packages such as family packs accommodations where they can offer spaces for several number of people at a pocket friendly price. Conclusions Having been brought up in a generation with access to a lot of information and education about new products emerging in the market and services, has led to a noticeable change in shaping of the priorities of the millennial generations when it comes to hospitality industry. Due to their distinctive characteristic, the hospitality industry will be forced to major their focus on improving their hotel facilities so as to attract this generation which will soon be their main customer. Millennial generation can be a little choosy and to curb this kind of situation the hotel industry must be always offer quality service and have their customers realize the value for their money. On the other hand competition will keep on becoming stiff. This will be through direct and indirect competition due to realization of new tourist destinations in the world. More hotels are coming up with more personalized facilities attracting more clients. Emergence of lodgings which offers services that hotels offer at a cheaper price will also offer competition to the hospitality industry. Doing adequate research and marketing will be the only option the hospitality industry will adapt to always be ahead of the other competitors. Nevertheless, realization of new tourist will also open new chances for the industry to expand its business. References Aleshaiwy, Y. S. M., 2015. Generation Y's Perception of Service Quality in the Hotel Industry, s.l.: Widener University. Baumer, C., 2013. A study of Generation Y, Vienna: s.n. Deloitte, 2016. 2016 Travel and Hospitality Industry Outlook, s.l.: s.n. Howard Roth, M. F., 2014. Global hospitality insights, s.l.: s.n. Jeroem Oskam, A. B., 2016. Airbnb: the future of networked hospitality businesses. Journal of Tourism Futures, 2(1), pp. 22-42. Kearney, 2015. China' Hospitality Industry, s.l.: s.n. Lindsey Farrell, A. C. H., 2014. Training the Millennial Generation: Implications for Organizational Climate. Journal of Organizational Learning and Leadership, 12(1), pp. 7-58. Mahmoud, A., 2016. The Impact of AirBnb on Hotel and Hospitality Industry. [Online] Available at: https://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4074708.html [Accessed 25 5 2017]. Nate-tra Dhevabanchachai, K. M., 2013. The Preferred Work Paradigm for Generation Y in the Hotel Industry: A Case Study of the International Tourism and Hospitality International Programme, Thailand. International Education Studies, 6(10), pp. 27-36. Oracle Hospitality, 2016. Millennials and Hospitality, s.l.: s.n. Patterson, I. R., 2012. Baby Boomer Travel Market is on the Increase, s.l.: University of Queensland. Sweeney, R., 2006. Millennial Behaviors Demographics, Newark: University Heights. www.cnbc.com, 2016. Marriott buys Starwood, becoming world's largest hotel chain. [Online] Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/23/marriott-buys-starwood-becoming-worlds-largest-hotel-chain.html [Accessed 24 5 2007].

Essay on Science Has Made Mans Life Quite Comfortable Essay Example

Essay on Science Has Made Mans Life Quite Comfortable Paper Science Has Made Our Life Comfortable Science has changed the face of the world. It has, of course, given many things that benefit man. But the evils that it has showered on man wash away the advantages. It has made man depend on machines, calculators and computers. A day may come when his physical and mental faculties may grow so weak that he may not be able to lift a bag or solve a simple equation. In the field of health services, it has given us life-saving drugs. But it has also given drugs like smack and heroin. Nuclear energy created by science has been much praised but the blast in Russia has exploded the myth. Check out more essay samples at Altheadlines your best college essay help! Atom bombs created by scientists were thrown on Hiroshima and Nagasaki decades ago. The painful memory still lingers and millions of people are still ill. I apparently support science. Science has made all the things possible. REALLY. without science we cannot imagine our lives. humans might have extincted long back if science had not been improved. so,i think it s not a bane for the society. There is a misconception about science ,people think that it is the science which is responsible for the explosions as well as destruction. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Science Has Made Mans Life Quite Comfortable specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Science Has Made Mans Life Quite Comfortable specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Science Has Made Mans Life Quite Comfortable specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But I think it is human brain which caused all this destruction. PEOPLE fought and had lost their lives before the improvement of science also. so, it is definetly a boon for the society The greatest harm science has done is to the faith of man. God has become a nonentity. In the modern jungle of mental activities where would a desperate man go? Having lost faith, his intellectual activities lead him to suicide. A number of scientists meet this fate every year in India. By This we can conclude that Science has more Boons than Banes.

AP Literature Reading List 127 Great Books for Your Prep

AP Literature Reading List 127 Great Books for Your Prep SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips A lot of students wonder if there’s a specific AP English reading list of books they should be reading to succeed on the AP Literature and Composition exam. While there’s not an official College-Board AP reading list, there are books that will be more useful for you to read than others as you prepare for the exam. In this article, I’ll break down why you need to read books to prepare, how many you should plan on reading, and what you should read- including poetry. Why Do You Need to Read Books for the AP Literature Test? This might seem like kind of an obvious question- you need to read books because it’s a literature exam! But actually, there are three specific reasons why you need to read novels, poems, and plays in preparation for the AP Lit Test. To Increase Your Familiarity With Different Eras and Genres of Literature Reading a diverse array of novels, poetry and plays from different eras and genres will help you be familiar with the language that appears in the various passages on the AP Lit exam’s multiple choice and essay sections. If you read primarily modern works, for example, you may stumble through analyzing a Shakespeare sonnet. So, having a basic familiarity level with the language of a broad variety of literary works will help keep you from floundering in confusion on test day because you’re seeing a work unlike anything you’ve ever read. To Improve Your Close-Reading Skills You’ll also want to read to improve your close-reading and rhetorical analysis skills. When you do read, really engage with the text: think about what the author’s doing to construct the novel/poem/play/etc., what literary techniques and motifs are being deployed, and what major themes are at play. You don’t necessarily need to drill down to the same degree on every text, but you should always be thinking, â€Å"Why did the author write this piece this way?† For the Student Choice Free-Response Question Perhaps the most critical piece in reading to prepare for the AP Lit test, however, is for the student choice free-response question. For the third question on the second exam section, you’ll be asked to examine how a specific theme works in one novel or play that you choose. The College Board does provide an example list of works, but you can choose any work you like just so long as it has adequate â€Å"literary merit.† However, you need to be closely familiar with more than one work so that you can be prepared for whatever theme the College Board throws at you! Want to get a perfect 5 on your AP exam and an A in class? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best tutoring service. We combine world-class expert tutors with our proprietary teaching techniques. Our students have gotten A's on thousands of classes, perfect 5's on AP tests, and ludicrously high SAT Subject Test scores. Whether you need help with science, math, English, social science, or more, we've got you covered. Get better grades today with PrepScholar Tutors. Note: Not an effective reading method. How Many Books Do You Need to Read for the AP Exam? That depends. In terms of reading to increase your familiarity with literature from different eras and genres and to improve your close-reading skills, the more books you have time to read, the better. You’ll want to read them all with an eye for comprehension and basic analysis, but you don’t necessarily need to focus equally on every book you read. For the purposes of the student choice question, however, you’ll want to read books more closely, so that you could write a detailed, convincing analytical essay about any of their themes. So you should know the plot, characters, themes, and major literary devices or motifs used inside and out. Since you won’t know what theme you’ll be asked to write about in advance, you’ll need to be prepared to write a student choice question on more than just one book. Of the books you read for prep both in and out of class, choose four to five books that are thematically diverse to learn especially well in preparation for the exam. You may want to read these more than once, and you certainly want to take detailed notes on everything that’s going on in those books to help you remember key points and themes. Discussing them with a friend or mentor who has also read the book will help you generate ideas on what’s most interesting or intriguing about the work and how its themes operate in the text. You may be doing some of these activities anyways for books you are assigned to read for class, and those books might be solid choices if you want to be as efficient as possible. Books you write essays about for school are also great choices to include in your four to five book stable since you will be becoming super-familiar with them for the writing you do in class anyways. In answer to the question, then, of how many books you need to read for the AP Lit exam: you need to know four to five inside and out, and beyond that, the more the better! Know the books. Love the books. What Books Do You Need to Read for the AP Exam? The most important thing for the student choice free-response question is that the work you select needs to have â€Å"literary merit.† What does this mean? In the context of the College Board, this means you should stick with works of literary fiction. So in general, avoid mysteries, fantasies, romance novels, and so on. If you’re looking for ideas, authors and works that have won prestigious prizes like the Pulitzer, Man Booker, the National Book Award, and so on are good choices. Anything you read specifically for your AP literature class is a good choice, too. If you aren’t sure if a particular work has the kind of literary merit the College Board is looking for, ask your AP teacher. When creating your own AP Literature reading list for the student choice free-response, try to pick works that are diverse in author, setting, genre, and theme. This will maximize your ability to comprehensively answer a student choice question about pretty much anything with one of the works you’ve focused on. So, I might, for example, choose: A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare, play, 1605 Major themes and devices: magic, dreams, transformation, foolishness, man vs. woman, play-within-a-play Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte, novel, 1847 Major themes and devices: destructive love, exile, social and economic class, suffering and passion, vengeance and violence, unreliable narrator, frame narrative, family dysfunction, intergenerational narratives. The Age of Innocence, Edith Wharton, novel, 1920 Major themes and devices: Tradition and duty, personal freedom, hypocrisy, irony, social class, family, â€Å"maintaining appearances†, honor Wide Sargasso Sea, Jean Rhys, novel, 1966 Major themes and devices: slavery, race, magic, madness, wildness, civilization vs. chaos, imperialism, gender As you can see, while there is some thematic overlap in my chosen works, they also cover a broad swathe of themes. They are also all very different in style (although you’ll just have to take my word on that one unless you go look at all of them yourself), and they span a range of time periods and genres as well. However, while there’s not necessarily a specific, mandated AP Literature reading list, there are books that come up again and again on the suggestion lists for student choice free-response questions. When a book comes up over and over again on exams, this suggests both that it’s thematically rich, so you can use it to answer lots of different kinds of questions, and that the College Board sees a lot of value in the work. To that end, I’ve assembled a list, separated by time period, of all the books that have appeared on the suggested works list for student choice free-response questions at least twice since 2003. While you certainly shouldn’t be aiming to read all of these books (there’s way too many for that!), these are all solid choices for the student choice essay. Other books by authors from this list are also going to be strong choices. It’s likely that some of your class reading will overlap with this list, too. I’ve divided up the works into chunks by time period. In addition to title, each entry includes the author, whether the work is a novel, play, or something else, and when it was first published or performed. Works are alphabetical by author. Warning: Not all works pictured included in AP Literature reading list below. Ancient Works Title Author Genre Date Medea Euripides play 431 BC The Odyssey Homer epic poem (no date) Antigone Sophocles play 441 BC Oedipus Rex Sophocles play 429 BC 1500-1799 Title Author Genre Date Don Quixote Miguel de Cervantes novel 1605 Tom Jones Henry Fielding novel 1749 As You Like It Shakespeare play 1623 Julius Caesar Shakespeare play 1599 King Lear Shakespeare play 1606 A Midsummer Night’s Dream Shakespeare play 1605 The Merchant of Venice Shakespeare play 1605 Othello Shakespeare play 1604 The Tempest Shakespeare play 16 Candide Voltaire novel 1759 1800-1899 Title Author Genre Date Emma Jane Austen novel 1815 Mansfield Park Jane Austen novel 1814 Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen novel 1813 Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte novel 1847 Wuthering Heights Emily Bronte novel 1847 The Awakening Kate Chopin novel 1899 The Red Badge of Courage Stephen Crane novel 1895 Bleak House Charles Dickens novel 1853 David Copperfield Charles Dickens novel 1850 Great Expectations Charles Dickens novel 1861 Oliver Twist Charles Dickens novel 1837 A Tale of Two Cities Charles Dickens novel 1859 Crime and Punishment Fyodor Dostoyevsky novel 1866 Madame Bovary Gustave Flaubert novel 1856 Jude the Obscure Thomas Hardy novel 1895 The Mayor of Casterbridge Thomas Hardy novel 1886 Tess of the d’Urbervilles Thomas Hardy novel 1891 The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne novel 1850 A Doll’s House Henrik Ibsen play 1879 The American Henry James novel 1877 The Portrait of a Lady Henry James novel 1881 Moby-Dick Herman Melville novel 1851 Frankenstein Mary Shelley novel 1818 Anna Karenina Leo Tolstoy novel 1877 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain novel 1885 The Queen of AP Literature surveys her kingdom. 1900-1939 Title Author Genre Date My ntonia Willa Cather novel 1918 The Cherry Orchard Anton Chekhov play 1904 Heart of Darkness Joseph Conrad novel 1902 Sister Carrie Theodore Dreiser novel 1900 Murder in the Cathedral T.S. Eliot play 1935 Absalom, Absalom! William Faulkner novel 1936 As I Lay Dying William Faulkner novel 1930 Light in August William Faulkner novel 1932 The Sound and the Fury William Faulkner novel 1929 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald novel 1925 A Passage to India E.M. Forster novel 1924 The Little Foxes Lillian Hellman play 1939 Their Eyes Were Watching God Zora Neale Hurston novel 1937 Brave New World Aldous Huxley novel 1931 A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man James Joyce novel 1916 Billy Budd Herman Melville novel 1924 Major Barbara George Bernard Shaw play 1905 The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck novel 1939 The Age of Innocence Edith Wharton novel 1920 Ethan Frome Edith Wharton novel 19 The House of Mirth Edith Wharton novel 1905 Mrs. Dalloway Virginia Woolf novel 1925 1940-1969 Title Author Genre Date Things Fall Apart Chinua Achebe novel 1958 Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Edward Albee play 1962 Another Country James Baldwin novel 1962 Waiting for Godot Samuel Beckett play 1953 The Plague Albert Camus novel 1947 Invisible Man Ralph Ellison novel 1952 Lord of the Flies William Golding novel 1954 A Raisin in the Sun Lorraine Hansberry play 1959 Catch-22 Joseph Heller novel 1961 One Flew Over the Cuckoo’ s Nest Ken Kesey novel 1962 A Separate Peace John Knowles novel 1959 To Kill a Mockingbird Harper Lee novel 1960 The Crucible Arthur Miller play 1953 Death of a Salesman Arthur Miller play 1949 House Made of Dawn N. Scott Momaday novel 1968 Wise Blood Flannery O’Connor novel 1952 1984 George Orwell novel 1949 Cry, the Beloved Country Alan Paton novel 1948 All the King’s Men Robert Penn Warren novel 1946 The Chosen Chaim Potok novel 1967 Wide Sargasso Sea Jean Rhys novel 1966 The Catcher in the Rye JD Salinger novel 1951 Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead Tom Stoppard play 1966 Cat’s Cradle Kurt Vonnegut novel 1963 The Glass Menagerie Tennessee Williams play 1945 A Streetcar Named Desire Tennessee Williams play 1947 Black Boy Richard Wright memoir 1945 Native Son Richard Wright novel 1940 Don't get trapped in a literature vortex! 1970-1989 Title Author Genre Date Bless Me, Ultima Rudolfo Anaya novel 1972 The House on Mango Street Sandra Cisneros novel 1984 â€Å"Master Harold† . . . and the boys Athol Fugard play 1982 M. Butterfly David Henry Hwang play 1988 A Prayer for Owen Meany John Irving novel 1989 The Woman Warrior Maxine Hong Kingston memoir 1976 Obasan Joy Kogawa novel 1981 Beloved Toni Morrison novel 1987 The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison novel 1970 Song of Solomon Toni Morrison novel 1977 Sula Toni Morrison novel 1973 Jasmine Bharati Mukherjee novel 1989 The Women of Brewster Place Gloria Naylor novel 1982 Going After Cacciato Tim O’Brien novel 1978 Equus Peter Shaffer play 1973 Ceremony Leslie Marmon Silko novel 1977 Sophie’s Choice William Styron novel 1979 The Color Purple Alice Walker novel 1982 Fences August Wilson play 1983 The Piano Lesson August Wilson play 1987 1990-Present Title Author Genre Date Reservation Blues Sherman Alexie novel 1995 The Blind Assassin Margaret Atwood novel 2000 Oryx and Crake Margaret Atwood novel 2003 The Memory Keeper’s Daughter Kim Edwards novel 2005 Cold Mountain Charles Frazier novel 1997 Snow Falling on Cedars David Guterson novel 1994 The Kite Runner Khaled Hosseini novel 2003 A Thousand Splendid Suns Khaled Hosseini novel 2007 Never Let Me Go Kazuo Ishiguro novel 2005 The Poisonwood Bible Barbara Kingsolver novel 1998 The Namesake Jumpa Lahiri novel 2004 All the Pretty Horses Cormac McCarthy novel 1992 Atonement Ian McEwan novel 2001 Native Speaker Chang Rae-Lee novel 1995 The God of Small Things Arundhati Roy novel 1997 A Thousand Acres Jane Smiley novel 1991 The Bonesetter’s Daughter Amy Tan novel 2001 The Story of Edgar Sawtelle David Wroblewski novel 2008 Don't stay in one reading position for too long, or you'll end up like this guy. Want to get a perfect 5 on your AP exam and an A in class? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best tutoring service. We combine world-class expert tutors with our proprietary teaching techniques. Our students have gotten A's on thousands of classes, perfect 5's on AP tests, and ludicrously high SAT Subject Test scores. Whether you need help with science, math, English, social science, or more, we've got you covered. Get better grades today with PrepScholar Tutors. An Addendum on Poetry You probably won’t be writing about poetry on your student choice essay- most just aren’t meaty enough in terms of action and character to merit a full-length essay on the themes when you don’t actually have the poem in front of you (a major exception being The Odyssey). That doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t be reading poetry, though! You should be reading a wide variety of poets from different eras to get comfortable with all the varieties of poetic language. This will make the poetry analysis essay and the multiple-choice questions about poetry much easier! See this list of poets compiled from the list given on page 14 of the AP Course and Exam Description for AP Lit, separated out by time period. For those poets who were working during more than one of the time periods sketched out below, I tried to place them in the era in which they were more active. I’ve placed an asterisk next to the most notable and important poets in the list; you should aim to read one or two poems by each of the starred poets to get familiar with a broad range of poetic styles and eras. 14th-17th Centuries Anne Bradstreet Geoffrey Chaucer John Donne George Herbert Ben Jonson Andrew Marvell John Milton William Shakespeare* 18th-19th Centuries William Blake* Robert Browning Samuel Taylor Coleridge* Emily Dickinson* Paul Laurence Dunbar George Gordon, Lord Byron Gerard Manley Hopkins John Keats* Edgar Allan Poe* Alexander Pope* Percy Bysshe Shelley* Alfred, Lord Tennyson* Walt Whitman* William Wordsworth* Early-Mid 20th Century W. H. Auden Elizabeth Bishop H. D. (Hilda Doolittle) T. S. Eliot* Robert Frost* Langston Hughes* Philip Larkin Robert Lowell Marianne Moore Sylvia Plath* Anne Sexton* Wallace Stevens William Carlos Williams William Butler Yeats* Late 20th Century-Present Edward Kamau Brathwaite Gwendolyn Brooks Lorna Dee Cervantes Lucille Clifton Billy Collins Rita Dove Joy Harjo Seamus Heaney Garrett Hongo Adrienne Rich Leslie Marmon Silko Cathy Song Derek Walcott Richard Wilbur You might rather burn books than read them after the exam, but please refrain. Key Takeaways Why do you need to read books to prepare for AP Lit? For three reasons: #1: To become familiar with a variety of literary eras and genres#2: To work on your close-reading skills#3: To become closely familiar with four-five works for the purposes of the student choice free-response essay analyzing a theme in a work of your choice. How many books do you need to read? Well, you definitely need to get very familiar with four-five for essay-writing purposes, and beyond that, the more the better! Which books should you read? Check out the AP English Literature reading list in this article to see works that have appeared on two or more â€Å"suggested works† lists on free-response prompts since 2003. And don’t forget to read some poetry too! See some College Board recommended poets listed in this article. What's Next? See my expert guide to the AP Literature test for more exam tips! The multiple-choice section of the AP Literature exam is a key part of your score. Learn everything you need to know about it in our complete guide to AP Lit multiple-choice questions. Taking other APs? Check out our expert guides to the AP Chemistry exam, AP US History, AP World History, AP Psychology, and AP Biology. Looking for other book recommendation lists from PrepScholar? We've compiled lists of the 7 books you must read if you're a pre-med and the 31 books to read before graduating high school. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: